Mushroom Poisoning in Dogs: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
Why Are Wild Mushrooms a Risk to Dogs?
Last year, we treated an incredible case involving four family dogs that had all eaten toxic mushrooms. Within just 15 minutes of ingestion, all four needed emergency veterinary care. The team at Highland Health Vets worked day and night to provide the treatment they needed, and thankfully, all four dogs made a positive recovery.
Their owners quickly recognised that something wasn’t right and brought them to us without delay. Acting quickly gave our team the opportunity to begin treatment as soon as possible.
As autumn approaches, wild mushrooms begin to appear in abundance across our countryside. Some are striking and colourful, standing out amongst the fallen leaves, while others blend almost seamlessly into the grass and woodland floor.
Not all mushrooms are poisonous, and for those who know their fungi, an autumn walk can be a wonderful opportunity to spot different varieties. Experienced foragers may even collect edible mushrooms to create delicious dishes such as funghi trifolati.
However, when it comes to our four-legged friends, it’s always best to be cautious. Dogs are naturally curious, and a mushroom that looks harmless could contain toxins that cause serious illness.
The important thing to remember is that you cannot reliably tell whether a wild mushroom is safe for your dog just by looking at it. If you suspect your dog has eaten one, contact your vet straight away.
Symptoms of Mushroom Poisoning in Dogs
Signs of mushroom poisoning in dogs can develop quickly, sometimes within just 15 minutes of ingestion. However, symptoms don’t always appear immediately and may be delayed for up to 24 hours, depending on the mushroom involved.
If your dog has been around wild mushrooms, keep a close eye on them after your walk. If they tend to sniff, pick up or eat things they find outdoors, keeping them on a lead in areas where mushrooms grow can help reduce the risk.
What are the signs of mushroom poisoning in dogs?
Symptoms can vary depending on the type of mushroom eaten, the amount consumed and the toxins involved. Signs may include:
Drooling – producing more saliva than usual.
Vomiting – being sick after eating the mushroom.
Diarrhoea – which may sometimes be severe.
Muscle tremors – involuntary shaking or twitching.
Nystagmus – repetitive, involuntary eye movements, often from side to side.
Hyperaesthesia – increased sensitivity to touch, sound or other stimuli.
Hyperthermia – an abnormally high body temperature.
Ataxia – loss of coordination, which may cause your dog to stumble or struggle to walk normally.
Seizures – uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain that can cause sudden, involuntary movements or changes in awareness.
Some toxic mushrooms can also cause serious damage to internal organs, including the liver and kidneys.
What to do if your dog eats a wild mushroom
If you think your dog has eaten a wild mushroom, stay calm and contact your vet immediately. Don't wait for symptoms to appear.
If it’s safe to do so, take photographs of the mushroom from the top, underneath and side-on. You can also bring a sample with you, provided it can be collected and transported safely. These details may help your veterinary team identify the mushroom and assess the potential risk.
Avoid trying to make your dog vomit or giving them home remedies unless your vet specifically instructs you to do so.
Treatment for Mushroom Poisoning in Dogs
Treatment for mushroom poisoning depends on the type of mushroom eaten, the amount consumed, the symptoms present and how much time has passed since ingestion.
Veterinary assessment and decontamination
Your vet will assess your dog and decide on the most appropriate treatment. Where suitable, decontamination may be recommended to help reduce further toxin absorption. The approach will depend on your dog's condition and the suspected toxin.
Supportive treatment and monitoring
Blood tests may be carried out to assess liver and kidney function and provide a baseline for monitoring. Your dog may also need supportive care, including intravenous fluid therapy and medication to manage symptoms.
In more severe cases, particularly where seizures cannot be controlled with initial treatment, general anaesthesia may be needed to help control the seizures and protect your dog.
Monitoring liver and kidney function
Some mushroom toxins can cause organ damage that develops over time. Repeat blood tests may therefore be needed to monitor liver and kidney function and identify any emerging problems.
Where necessary, additional supportive treatments can be provided to help manage complications and support recovery.
The good news is that seeking veterinary advice promptly can make a real difference. If you suspect your dog has eaten a wild mushroom, contact your vet as soon as possible, even if they appear completely normal.
How to Keep Your Dog Safe from Wild Mushrooms on Walks
Wild mushrooms can appear in gardens, parks, woodland and other outdoor spaces, particularly during damp autumn weather. While it isn't always possible to avoid them completely, a few simple precautions can help reduce the risk of your dog eating one.
Keep your dog on a lead in areas where mushrooms are growing, especially if they tend to eat things they find on the ground.
Choose walking routes carefully and, where practical, opt for areas with fewer mushrooms.
Discourage scavenging by teaching your dog to leave unfamiliar objects alone.
Check your garden regularly for mushrooms and remove them safely, keeping your dog away while doing so.
Know what to do in an emergency. Save your veterinary practice's contact details so you can get advice quickly if you suspect your dog has eaten a mushroom.
Remember, you don't need to identify the mushroom yourself, if you suspect ingestion, contact us straight away.